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彎管接頭注塑成型工藝及模具設(shè)計(jì)
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- 彎管接頭注塑成型工藝及模具設(shè)計(jì)
目錄
摘 要 ......................................................................................................................................................... I
Abstract ...................................................................................................................................................... II
第一章 緒論 ........................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 塑料成型在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中的重要性 ......................................................................................... 1
1.1.1 塑料及塑料工業(yè)的發(fā)展 ................................................................................................ 1
1.1.2 塑料成型在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中的重要作用 ......................................................................... 1
1.1.3 塑料成型技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì) ........................................................................................... 2
1.2 塑料模具的分類 ......................................................................................................................... 2
第二章 塑件成型工藝分析 ........................................................................................................... 4
2.1 塑件分析 ...................................................................................................................................... 4
2.1.1 總體分析 ........................................................................................................................... 4
2.1.2 脫模斜度 ........................................................................................................................... 4
2.2 ABS性能分析 .............................................................................................................................. 5
2.2.1 使用性能 ........................................................................................................................... 5
2.2.2 工藝性能 ........................................................................................................................... 5
2.3 ABS的注射成型過程及工藝參數(shù) ......................................................................................... 5
2.3.1 注射成型過程 .................................................................................................................. 5
2.3.2 注射工藝參數(shù) .................................................................................................................. 6
第三章 模具結(jié)構(gòu)形式的擬定 ...................................................................................................... 7
3.1 分型面的確定 ............................................................................................................................. 7
3.1.1 分型面的形式 .................................................................................................................. 7
3.1.2 分型面的選擇原則 ......................................................................................................... 7
3.1.3 本設(shè)計(jì)分型面的選擇 .................................................................................................... 7
3.2 型腔數(shù)目和模具結(jié)構(gòu)形式的確定 ......................................................................................... 8
3.2.1 型腔數(shù)目的確定 ............................................................................................................. 8
3.2.2 模具結(jié)構(gòu)形式的確定 .................................................................................................... 8
3.3 注射機(jī)型號(hào)的確定 .................................................................................................................... 8
3.3.1 注射量的計(jì)算 .................................................................................................................. 8
3.3.2 澆注系統(tǒng)凝料體積的初步估算 .................................................................................. 8
3.3.3 注射機(jī)的選擇 .................................................................................................................. 8
3.3.4 注射機(jī)相關(guān)參數(shù)校核 .................................................................................................... 9
第四章 澆注系統(tǒng)、冷卻系統(tǒng)和排氣系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) ...........................................................11
4.1 澆注系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)原則 ...................................................................................................................11
4.2 主流道設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................................................11
4.2.1 主流道尺寸 .................................................................................................................... 12
4.2.2 主流道的凝料體積 ....................................................................................................... 12
4.2.3 主流道當(dāng)量半徑 ........................................................................................................... 12
4.2.4 主流道澆口套的形式 .................................................................................................. 12
4.3 分流道設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................................................ 13
4.3.1 分流道設(shè)計(jì)原則 ........................................................................................................... 13
4.3.2 分流道的布置形式 ....................................................................................................... 13
4.3.3 分流道相應(yīng)參數(shù)的確定 .............................................................................................. 14
4.3.4 校核剪切速率 ................................................................................................................ 14
4.4 澆口的設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................................................ 15
4.4.1 澆口形式及尺寸確定 .................................................................................................. 15
4.4.2 側(cè)澆口剪切速率的校核 .............................................................................................. 15
4.5 校核主流道的剪切速率 ......................................................................................................... 16
4.6 冷料穴的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算 ............................................................................................................. 17
4.7 溫度調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng) ........................................................................................................................... 17
4.8 排氣系統(tǒng) .................................................................................................................................... 17
第五章 成型零件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及計(jì)算 .................................................................................... 18
5.1 成型零件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................................................... 18
5.1.1 型腔的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................... 18
5.1.2 型芯的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................... 18
5.2 成型零件材料的選用 ............................................................................................................. 18
5.3 成型零件工作尺寸的計(jì)算 .................................................................................................... 18
5.3.1 型腔尺寸計(jì)算 ................................................................................................................ 18
5.3.2 側(cè)抽芯凸模尺寸計(jì)算 .................................................................................................. 19
第六章 模架組合的選擇 ............................................................................................................... 21
6.1 決定模板尺寸的因素 ............................................................................................................. 21
6.2 模架的選擇 ................................................................................................................................ 21
第七章 合模導(dǎo)向機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................... 22
第八章 脫模推出機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................... 24
8.1 推出方式的確定 ....................................................................................................................... 24
8.2 推出位置、推桿數(shù)量和斷面形狀的設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................... 24
8.3 推桿復(fù)位裝置 ........................................................................................................................... 24
第九章 側(cè)向分型與側(cè)抽芯機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................... 25
9.1 抽芯距與抽芯力的計(jì)算 ......................................................................................................... 25
9.1.1 抽芯距的計(jì)算 ................................................................................................................ 25
9.1.2 抽芯力的計(jì)算 ................................................................................................................ 25
9.2 斜導(dǎo)柱的側(cè)向分型與側(cè)抽芯機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)要點(diǎn) ............................................................................ 26
9.2.1 斜導(dǎo)柱的設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................................ 26
9.2.2 滑塊的設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................................... 28
9.2.3
摘 要：
塑料工業(yè)是當(dāng)今世界上增長(zhǎng)最快的工業(yè)門類之一，而注塑模具是其中發(fā)展較快的種類，因此，研究注塑模具對(duì)了解塑料產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)過程和提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量有很大意義。 本設(shè)計(jì)介紹了注射成型的基本原理，特別是單分型面注射模具的結(jié)構(gòu)與工作原理，對(duì)注塑產(chǎn)品提出了基本的設(shè)計(jì)原則；詳細(xì)介紹了冷流道注射模具澆注系統(tǒng)、溫度調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)和頂出系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)過程。彎管接頭具有兩個(gè)方向的側(cè)向抽芯。本設(shè)計(jì)分析了彎管接頭的成型工藝，確定了工藝方案，介紹了模具結(jié)構(gòu)和主要模具零部件的設(shè)計(jì)，分析了本模具結(jié)構(gòu)及產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量上的可行性及可靠性。 關(guān)鍵詞：彎管接頭；注射模；成型工藝；側(cè)向抽芯
Class x, Material Processing and Controlling Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, xx University. Xx, xx, xx Province, P.R.CHINA
Abstract:
Now The plastic industry is one of the quickest developing industry classes in the world, and the injection mould is one of the developing type. Therefore, there is great significance to study the injection mould to understand that the plastic of production process and improve the product quality. The basic principle of injection molding, specially the operating principle and the structure of the single-parting-surface injection mould is introduced. The design of the runner system, temperature control system and the ejection is introduced in detail. The technology for forming the elbow joint is analyzed and a better technics is decided .The elbow joint has two side core-pulling in different directions. The structure of the mould and the designing of the main parts are introduced. The feasibility and reliability in mould structure are discussed to guarantee the quality of the product.
Keywords: elbow joint; injection mould; forming process; side core-pulling
該塑件如圖2-1所示，材料為ABS，流動(dòng)性能為中等，溢料間隙為0.05mm，塑件最大壁厚為4mm，最小壁厚為1.5mm，未注圓角為R3mm，精度等級(jí)為SJ1372-78中4級(jí)精度，屬于中等精度塑件。經(jīng)分析，該塑件可用注塑成型，但模具設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)應(yīng)考慮兩個(gè)方向的側(cè)抽芯問題。 圖2-1 彎管接頭
2.1.2 脫模斜度
ABS屬于非結(jié)晶型熱塑性塑料，其成型收縮率較低，一般介于0.4%～0.7%，結(jié)合該塑件的特點(diǎn)，不需要設(shè)計(jì)脫模斜度。
5
2.2 ABS性能分析
2.2.1 使用性能
ABS是樹脂的剛性與橡膠的彈性相結(jié)合的一種廣泛使用的工程材料，它不僅具有韌、硬、剛相均衡的優(yōu)良力學(xué)性能，而且耐化學(xué)藥品性好、尺寸穩(wěn)定性好、表面光澤度高，且原料豐富。廣泛用于機(jī)械、電器零件、辦公用品、日用品等各個(gè)領(lǐng)域。
2.2.2 工藝性能
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