前移式手動(dòng)液壓裝卸叉車設(shè)計(jì)
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- 前移式手動(dòng)液壓裝卸叉車設(shè)計(jì)
摘 要
前移式手動(dòng)液壓叉車是一種無污染，無動(dòng)力的裝卸產(chǎn)品，該產(chǎn)品具有結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，運(yùn)輸靈活，操作簡單，回轉(zhuǎn)半徑小等特點(diǎn)。適用于工廠，車間，倉庫，車站，碼頭等處的貨物搬運(yùn)與堆垛。對(duì)于那些有防火，防爆要求的場地（如印刷車間，油庫，碼頭，倉庫等）更為適用。若配合托盤裝箱，集裝箱等及可實(shí)現(xiàn)單元化運(yùn)輸，有效減少了零部件的碰撞，劃傷和堆放面積，減少搬運(yùn)工作量，提高搬運(yùn)效率。本說明書是在對(duì)市場調(diào)查的情況下，發(fā)現(xiàn)手動(dòng)液壓叉車比較常見，前移式叉車也比較常見，唯獨(dú)缺少的就是前移式手動(dòng)液壓叉車，前移式手動(dòng)液壓叉車是集各種叉車的優(yōu)點(diǎn)于一身，但造價(jià)偏貴，市場上庫存不多。本設(shè)計(jì)主要內(nèi)容包括了對(duì)底盤、垂直升降裝置、前移裝置貨叉、門架以及液壓系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)。由剪刀工作原理聯(lián)想到剪式叉架的前移，由梯形螺紋絲杠的自鎖性，設(shè)計(jì)出只有手搖能控制貨叉前進(jìn)后退，松手并不移動(dòng)的前移方式。通過提出方案并加以論證，選出最優(yōu)設(shè)計(jì)方案的原則，闡述了前移式手動(dòng)液壓叉車的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和工作原理，論證了它的適用性，可行性。
關(guān)鍵詞：調(diào)查；前移；液壓；自鎖；可行性
ABSTRACT
Forward type manual hydraulic forklift is a pollution-free, no power handling products, the product has the advantages of compact structure, flexible transportation, simple operation, small turning radius etc.. Apply to factory, workshop, warehouse, station, dock and cargo handling and stacking. For those with fire, explosion-proof requirements of the site ( such as printing workshop, oil depots, docks, warehouses and other ) is more applicable. If match tray packing, container and can realize the transport units, effectively reduce the parts of the collision, scratch and stacking area, reduce the workload of material handling, improve handling efficiency. This statement is on the market investigation, found the manual hydraulic forklift are relatively common, type forklift is also common, but is the lack of forward type manual hydraulic forklift, reach manual hydraulic forklift is a forklift various merit in a body, but the cost is expensive, the market inventory is not much. The design of the main contents include the chassis, the vertical lifting device, advancement device fork, door frame and the design of hydraulic system. Composed of scissors principle to associate scissor fork movement, by trapezoidal screw self-locking, designed only hand can control the fork back and forward, let go does not move forward mode. The proposed scheme tries to prove, the optimal design principle, elaborated reach type manual hydraulic forklift structure design and work principle, demonstrates its applicability, feasibility.
Key words: Research；Forward；hydraulic；Self locking；feasibility
目 錄
摘要………………………………………………………………………………… I
Abstract …………………………………………………………………………II
第1章 緒論………………………………………………………………………1
1.1前移式手動(dòng)液壓叉車的簡介…………………………………………………1
1.1.1設(shè)計(jì)目的…………………………………………………………………1
1.1.1設(shè)計(jì)意義…………………………………………………………………1
1.2叉車的發(fā)展……………………………………………………………………1
1.2.1歷史與發(fā)展 ……………………………………………………………1
1.2.2叉車新產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)的技術(shù)趨勢……………………………………………2
1.3前移式手動(dòng)液壓叉車的優(yōu)勢及前景…………………………………………3
1.4前移式手動(dòng)液壓叉車的優(yōu)點(diǎn)…………………………………………………3
1.5前移式手動(dòng)液壓叉車設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)………………………………………………4
1.6本章小結(jié)………………………………………………………………………5
第2章 總體設(shè)計(jì)方案…………………………………………………………5
2.1前移式手動(dòng)液壓叉車主要結(jié)構(gòu)………………………………………………5
2.2前移式手動(dòng)液壓叉車的特點(diǎn)…………………………………………………6
2.3設(shè)計(jì)難點(diǎn)分析…………………………………………………………………7
2.4本章小結(jié)………………………………………………………………………7
第3章 傳動(dòng)裝置設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………………………………8
3.1傳動(dòng)裝置的選擇裝置…………………………………………………………8
3.1.1帶傳動(dòng)的特點(diǎn)……………………………………………………………8
3.1.2鏈傳動(dòng)的特點(diǎn)……………………………………………………………8
3.1.3齒輪傳動(dòng)的特點(diǎn)…………………………………………………………8
3.2鏈傳動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………………………………………9
3.2.1鏈輪的確定………………………………………………………………9
3.2.2鏈型號(hào)的確定……………………………………………………………9
3.2.3鏈節(jié)數(shù)的確定……………………………………………………………9
3.2.4強(qiáng)度校核…………………………………………………………………9
3.2.5驗(yàn)算鏈速………………………………………………………………10
3.2.6確定潤滑方式……………………………………………………………11
3.2.7計(jì)算對(duì)鏈輪軸的壓力 F`………………………………………………11
3.2.8鏈輪的結(jié)構(gòu)………………………………………………………………11
3.3鏈輪軸的選擇………………………………………………………………12
3.3.1選擇軸的材料，確定許用應(yīng)力………………………………………12
3.4軸承選擇……………………………………………………………………16
3.4.1計(jì)算軸承的的載荷……………………………………………………16
3.4.2選擇潤滑方式…………………………………………………………16
3.5本章小結(jié)……………………………………………………………………17
第4章 叉車外型結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………………………18
4.1機(jī)架的設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………………………………………18
4.1.1機(jī)架的主要組件的材料及尺寸的選擇………………………………19
4.2后輪的設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………………………19
4.2.1輪架的選擇……………………………………………………………20
4.3前輪輪架……………………………………………………………………20
4.4剪式支撐板…………………………………………………………………21
4.5萬能夾具設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………………………21
4.6本章小結(jié)………………………………………………………………………22
第5章 動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………23
5.1 液壓千斤頂主要構(gòu)件分析…………………………………………………23
5.2 液壓缸的主要形式及選材…………………………………………………23
5.3 液壓缸的壓力（液壓缸主要參數(shù)的計(jì)算）………………………………23
5.3.1額定壓力………………………………………………………………23
5.3.2工作壓力………………………………………………………………24
5.3.3最高允許壓力…………………………………………………………24
5.4液壓缸的輸出力與輸出力…………………………………………………24
5.4.1液壓缸的理論輸出力…………………………………………………24
5.4.2液壓缸的理論輸入力…………………………………………………24
5.5 液壓缸的輸出速度…………………………………………………………24
5.5.1大液壓缸的輸出速度…………………………………………………25
5.5.2 速比……………………………………………………………………25
5.6 液壓缸的功率………………………………………………………………25
5.6.1輸出功率………………………………………………………………25
5.6.2輸入功率………………………………………………………………26
5.7小液壓缸的主要參數(shù)計(jì)算…………………………………………………26
5.8本章小結(jié)……………………………………………………………………27
結(jié)論…………………………………………………………………………………28
參考文獻(xiàn)………………………………………………………………………… 29
致謝…………………………………………………………………………………30
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